Since October 2023, numerous Houthi attacks have targeted vessels in the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea. Such attacks jeopardise the life of civilians on merchant and commercial vessels, directly affecting the maritime trade and its benefits for the international community. Moreover, it constitutes a breach of the freedom of the high seas and of the right of transit passage in straits used for international navigation enshrined in United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea.

On 10 January 2024, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 2722 (2024), condemning in the strongest terms the Houthi attacks on merchant and commercial vessels; underscoring the importance of the exercise of navigational rights and freedoms of vessels of all states in the Red Sea, including for merchant and commercial vessels transiting the Baab al Mandab Strait. In accordance with international law, the UNSC demanded the immediate cessation of Houthis’ attacks, affirming that the exercise of navigational rights and freedoms by merchant and commercial vessels, in accordance with international law, must be respected, and taking note of the right of member states, in accordance with international law, to defend their vessels from attacks, including those that undermine navigational rights and freedoms.

On 29 January 2024, the Council approved a Crisis Management Concept for a possible EU maritime security operation to safeguard freedom of navigation in relation to the Red Sea crisis, with an initial duration of one year from when it is launched. The operation was formally established on 8 February 2024.

On 19 February 2024, the Council launched the EUNAVFOR ASPIDES.

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    Destroyer Caio Duilio and cargo ship

Mission

The EUNAVFOR ASPIDES is a military European Union maritime security operation to safeguard freedom of navigation in relation to the Red Sea crisis. The operation will contribute to maritime security along the main sea lines of communication in the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, the Arabian Sea, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf, in cooperation with other major actors.

Mandate

The EUNAVFOR ASPIDES mandate is to:

  • Accompany vessels in the Area of Operation.
  • Ensure maritime situational awareness in the Area of Operation.
  • Protect vessels against multi-domain attacks at sea, in full respect of international law, including the principles of necessity and proportionally, in a sub-area of the Area of Operation.

EUNAVFOR OPERATION ASPIDES will act in line with the UN Security Council Resolution 2272, which demands Houthis to cease all attacks on merchant and commercial vessels and notes the right of to defend vessels against such attacks, in line with international law and will not conduct any strikes on land.

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    Two vessels and cargo ship further back
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    Rear Admiral Vasileios Gryparis

Operation Commander

Rear Admiral Vasileios Gryparis HN was born in Germany in 1966. Entered the Hellenic Naval Academy in 1985 and graduated in 1989 as Ensign of the Hellenic Navy.

His operational service includes more than 18 years deployment at sea onboard Frigates and Fast Patrol Boats as Communication, Weapons, Operations, Executive Officer and Commanding Officer.

His command career includes Commanding Officer of:

  • a. Patrol Boat, HS PANAGOPOYLOS III,
  • b. Torpedo boat, HS TYFON,
  • c. Torpedo Boats Squadron
  • d. FAC, HS SIMITZOPOYLOS ,
  • e. FAC, HS ROYSSEN (first CO, acceptance and full operational activation),
  • f. 1st Squadron Fast Attack Crafts
  • g. Frigate, HS HYDRA,
  • h. Surveillance Vessels Command.
  • At his shore and staff assignments he served as:
  • a. Branch C Director (Weapons, ammunition, military infrastructure) at the Hellenic Fleet Command,
  • b. Head of Naval Weapons Directorate at Salamis Naval Base,
  • c. Maritime Operational Center Director at the Hellenic Navy General Staff (HNGS),
  • d. Operations Director at HNGS,
  • e. International Training Director at the Hellenic National Defense General Staff (HNDGS).

As flag officer he was appointed as:

  • a. Executive Officer at the Naval Training Command,
  • b. Commander of Naval Training Command.
  • c. GRMARFOR Commander.

He is a graduate of, the Hellenic Supreme Joint War College, and the Hellenic National Defense College. Completed, the UK Defence Academy’s Strategic Leadership Programme and the United States Navy’s Flag Level Combined Force Maritime Component Commander Course.

He has been awarded with all the medals, decorations and commendations stipulated for his rank.

Participated in UNIFIL peace keeping operations under UN and in NATO led operation Active Endeavour (twice).

On 8 February 2024, by EU Council’s Decision, he was appointed EU Operation Commander of EUNAVFOR ASPIDES.

On 2 March 2024 he was promoted to the rank of Rear Admiral.

He speaks English and German. Is married and has two children.

Area of Operations – AOO

The EUNAVFOR ASPIDES Area of Operations – AOO, according with its mandate, comprise the Baab al-Mandab Straits and the Strait of Hormuz, as well as international waters in the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, the Arabian Sea, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf.

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    Two vessels and cargo ship