The Special Tribunal will be set up within the framework of the Council of Europe with the power to investigate, prosecute and try Russian political and military leaders, who bear the greatest responsibility for the crime of aggression against Ukraine. This crime refers to the decision to use armed force against another State, in violation of the United Nations Charter. 

The signing was hailed as a milestone in international justice. Malta’s Deputy Prime Minister, Ian Borg, who serves as Chair of the Committee of Ministers under the current Maltese Presidency of the Committee of Ministers, underscored the importance of international cooperation and principled multilateralism during the ceremony, emphasising that genuine collaboration can achieve what once seemed improbable. President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, warmly welcomed the signing of the Agreement.

Following the signing, President Zelenskyy addressed the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE). He expressed gratitude for the Assembly's leadership in countering Russian aggression and acknowledged the Assembly's role in the Special Tribunal's inception. President Zelenskyy stressed the necessity of robust legal and political cooperation to ensure that “every Russian war criminal faces justice, including Putin,” reinforcing the principle that aggression should yield no rewards.

PACE President Theodoros Rousopoulos welcomed President Zelenskyy, highlighting the Assembly’s foundational role in upholding moral clarity in times of war. In an engaging session, Zelenskyy responded to questions from PACE members, reaffirming the shared commitment to justice across Europe.

The Commission and the High Representative have played a pivotal role in the preparations for the establishment of the Special Tribunal, and the European Union will continue to work closely with the Council of Europe to reaffirm our joint commitment to justice, accountability, and a rules-based international order.